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前言：STM32G431RBT6实现嵌入式组第十一届题目解析+源码，本文默认读者具备基础的stm32知识。文章末尾有第十一届题目。

1.题目解析

第十一届虽说题目长，但难度不高。和第十届我感觉就是孪生兄弟🤣。

1.1 分而治之，藕断丝连

还是那句话，将不同模块进行封装，通过变量进行模块间的合作。
函数将模块分而治之，变量使模块间藕断丝连。

1.2 模块化思维导图

下图根据题目梳理。还是使用思维导图。
在这里插入图片描述

1.3 模块解析

1.3.1 KEY模块

还是控制按一次处理一次。老朋友了我们就不多说了，题目限制了按键消抖和单次处理，所以我们要加上消抖，前几届没限制，我都没加。
还有阈值和led选择的限制条件。
具体实现看源码


 if(keys[i] == 0){               
     if(keys_state[i] == key_released){              //按键开始按下，进入消抖状态
         keys_state[i] = key_reduction; 
         key_redu_tim = HAL_GetTick();
     }
     else if(keys_state[i] == key_reduction){         //消抖完成，按键按下
         if(HAL_GetTick()-key_redu_tim >= 20){
             keys_state[i] = key_pressed;
         }
     }
     else if(keys_state[i] == key_pressed){          //按键按下之后，下一次进入之后进入等待状态，保证按一次执行一次
         keys_state[i] = key_wait_released;
     }
 }
 else{
     if(keys_state[i] == key_wait_released || keys_state[i] == key_pressed){             //这里条件成立，表明按键释放，但是还得消抖
         key_redu_tim = HAL_GetTick();
         keys_state[i] = key_reduction;
     }
     else if(keys_state[i] == key_reduction){         //消抖完之后才是释放
         if(HAL_GetTick()-key_redu_tim >= 20){
             keys_state[i] = key_released;
         }
     }
     //else keys_state[i] = key_released;                //可加可不加
 }

1.3.2 LED模块

ld1：AUTO亮，MANU灭；
ld2：数据界面亮，参数界面灭。
解决办法，设置一个标志位代表ld1~ld8，改变对应位的的值，再将标志位写入ODR寄存器中来控制led的亮灭。
具体实现看源码

1.3.3 LCD模块

lcd显示两个界面，注意首次切换的时候得清屏。
根据B1界面1和界面2切换；
状态0：Data；
在这里插入图片描述
状态1：Para；
在这里插入图片描述

具体实现看源码

1.3.4 TIM模块

TIM2产生0.05s时基。PSC：1699，ARR：4999；
TIM3通道1，产生100HzPWM。PSC：169，ARR：9999；
TIM17通道1，产生200HzPWM。PSC：169，ARR：4999；
PSC和ARR计算公式（计算周期就是频率的倒数）：
在这里插入图片描述

void HAL_TIM_PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
    if(htim == &htim3){
        if(auto_manu_conv == 1){ 
            TIM3->CCR1 = manu_pa6_pwm;
        }else if(auto_manu_conv == 0) TIM3->CCR1 = (uint32_t)adc_smp_vtg/3.3*10000;
    }
    if(htim == &htim17){
        if(auto_manu_conv == 1)
        {
            TIM17->CCR1 = manu_pa7_pwm;
        }else if(auto_manu_conv == 0) TIM17->CCR1 = (uint32_t)adc_smp_vtg/3.3*5000;   
    }
}

用来开启周期开启adc采集。lcd和led不需要while轮询，其实key也可以放在这里，以0.05s的间隔执行一次。

void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
    HAL_ADC_Start_IT(&hadc2);
    lcd_process();
    led_process();
}

1.3.5 ADC模块

单通道，0.05s采集一次。

void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef *hadc)
{
    adc_smp_vtg = HAL_ADC_GetValue(hadc)*3.3/4096;
}

2.源码

我所有的实现都在main.c文件中。

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2025 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* 
lcd_show_state: 数据界面和参数界面标志
auto_manu_conv: 自动模式和手动模式标志
ld_flag: led标志
*/
uint8_t lcd_show_state = 0, auto_manu_conv = 0, ld_flag = 0;
/* 
manu_pa6_pwm: 手动模式下pa6输出100Hz的pwm
manu_pa7_pwm: 手动模式下pa7输出200Hz的pwm
*/
uint16_t manu_pa6_pwm = 999, manu_pa7_pwm = 499;
float adc_smp_vtg = 0.0f;                     //adc采集电压值
char lcd_str[21] = {0};                       //lcd显示数据
/* 
keys_state: 四个按键状态
keys: 四个按键对应IO口电平状态
*/
uint8_t keys_state[4] = {0}, keys[4] = {0};
uint32_t key_redu_tim = 0;                   //消抖计时
/* 按键的四种状态
key_released: 按键释放状态
key_reduction: 按键消抖状态
key_pressed: 按键按下状态
key_wait_released: 按键等待状态
*/
enum{
    key_released=0U,   
    key_reduction,
    key_pressed,
    key_wait_released
};

void key_state_gain();
void key_process();
void led_process();
void lcd_process();

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
    LCD_Init();
    LCD_Clear(Black);
    LCD_SetBackColor(Black);
    LCD_SetTextColor(White);
  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_ADC2_Init();
  MX_TIM3_Init();
  MX_TIM2_Init();
  MX_TIM17_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
    HAL_ADC_Start_IT(&hadc2);
    HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim2);
    HAL_TIM_PWM_Start_IT(&htim3, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
    HAL_TIM_PWM_Start_IT(&htim17, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
      key_state_gain();
      key_process();
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1_BOOST);

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV6;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 85;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* 获取按键状态 */
void key_state_gain()
{
    keys[0] = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0);
    keys[1] = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1);
    keys[2] = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_2);
    keys[3] = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_0);
    for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
        if(keys[i] == 0){               
            if(keys_state[i] == key_released){              //按键开始按下，进入消抖状态
                keys_state[i] = key_reduction; 
                key_redu_tim = HAL_GetTick();
            }
            else if(keys_state[i] == key_reduction){         //消抖完成，按键按下
                if(HAL_GetTick()-key_redu_tim >= 20){
                    keys_state[i] = key_pressed;
                }
            }
            else if(keys_state[i] == key_pressed){          //按键按下之后，下一次进入之后进入等待状态，保证按一次执行一次
                keys_state[i] = key_wait_released;
            }
        }
        else{
            if(keys_state[i] == key_wait_released || keys_state[i] == key_pressed){             //这里条件成立，表明按键释放，但是还得消抖
                key_redu_tim = HAL_GetTick();
                keys_state[i] = key_reduction;
            }
            else if(keys_state[i] == key_reduction){         //消抖完之后才是释放
                if(HAL_GetTick()-key_redu_tim >= 20){
                    keys_state[i] = key_released;
                }
            }
            //else keys_state[i] = key_released;                //可加可不加
        }
    }
}

//根据按键状态设置对应标志位。
void key_process()
{
    if(keys_state[0] == key_pressed){             //界面切换
        lcd_show_state ^= 1;
    }
    if(lcd_show_state == 1 && auto_manu_conv == 1){    //手动+界面1，B2,B3起作用
        if(keys_state[1] == key_pressed){
            manu_pa6_pwm += 1000;                
            if(manu_pa6_pwm > 8999) manu_pa6_pwm = 999;
        }
        else if(keys_state[2] == key_pressed){
            manu_pa7_pwm += 500;
            if(manu_pa7_pwm > 4499) manu_pa7_pwm = 499;
        }
    }
    if(keys_state[3] == key_pressed){
            auto_manu_conv ^= 1;
    }
}

//led处理
void led_process()
{
    if(auto_manu_conv == 0){
        ld_flag = 1;
    }else if(auto_manu_conv == 1){
        ld_flag = 0;
    }
    if(lcd_show_state == 0){
        ld_flag += 1 << 1;
    }else if(lcd_show_state == 1){
        ld_flag += 0 << 1;
    }
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2, 1);
    GPIOC->ODR = 0xffff ^ ld_flag << 8;
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2, 0);
}

//lcd界面1，界面2显示
void lcd_process()
{
    switch(lcd_show_state)
    {
        case 0:
            sprintf(lcd_str, "        Data        ");
            LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line0, (uint8_t*)lcd_str);
            sprintf(lcd_str, "    V:%.2fV         ", adc_smp_vtg);
            LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, (uint8_t*)lcd_str);
            if(auto_manu_conv == 0){
                sprintf(lcd_str, "    Mode:AUTO       ");
            }else sprintf(lcd_str, "    Mode:MANU       ");
            LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, (uint8_t*)lcd_str);
            break;
        
        case 1:
            sprintf(lcd_str, "        Para        ");
            LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line0, (uint8_t*)lcd_str);
            sprintf(lcd_str, "    PA6:%d%%         ", (manu_pa6_pwm+1)/100);
            LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, (uint8_t*)lcd_str);
            sprintf(lcd_str, "    PA7:%d%%       ",(manu_pa7_pwm+1)/50);
            LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, (uint8_t*)lcd_str);
            break;
    }
}

//pwm周期中断
void HAL_TIM_PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
    if(htim == &htim3){
        if(auto_manu_conv == 1){ 
            TIM3->CCR1 = manu_pa6_pwm;
        }else if(auto_manu_conv == 0) TIM3->CCR1 = adc_smp_vtg/3.3*10000;
    }
    if(htim == &htim17){
        if(auto_manu_conv == 1)
        {
            TIM17->CCR1 = manu_pa7_pwm;
        }else if(auto_manu_conv == 0) TIM17->CCR1 = adc_smp_vtg/3.3*5000;   
    }
}

//adc规则组转换完成中断
void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef *hadc)
{
    adc_smp_vtg = HAL_ADC_GetValue(hadc)*3.3/4096;
}

//定时器0.05s时基
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
    HAL_ADC_Start_IT(&hadc2);
    lcd_process();
    led_process();
}


/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

3.第十一届题目

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# 蓝桥杯 # stm32 # c语言 # 单片机 # 学习
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