准备工作

参考文档

1. 乐鑫官网文档参考 https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-dev-kits/zh_CN/latest/esp32c3/resources.html

2. 合宙ESP32C3开发板文档参考 https://wiki.luatos.com/chips/esp32c3/board.html

3. ESP-IDF 官网文档 https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/zh_CN/stable/esp32c3/get-started/index.html

工具

1. CH343的驱动 https://www.wch.cn/downloads/CH343SER_EXE.html

2. IDE 开发工具：vscode + esp-idf 插件 + c/c++ 插件 + cmake 插件

安装 ESP-IDF

esp-idf 安装教程参考 ESP-IDF 官网文档 https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/zh_CN/stable/esp32c3/get-started/index.html，稍微有点小麻烦，网上已有很多教程，例如： https://naiva.blog.csdn.net/article/details/142030279， 此处就不再赘述。

ESP32-C3 开发板

我买的是合宙ESP32-C3 开发板，可参考 合宙ESP32C3开发板文档，

准备好了上述的工作，就开始进入激动人心的编程了，点亮一个 LED 灯！

项目结构

主要用到的文件如下：

.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── main
│   ├── CMakeLists.txt
│   ├── Kconfig.projbuild
│   └── blink.c
└── sdkconfig.defaults

./CMakeLists.txt

声明环境

# The following five lines of boilerplate have to be in your project's
# CMakeLists in this exact order for cmake to work correctly
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)

include($ENV{IDF_PATH}/tools/cmake/project.cmake)
project(blink)

./sdkconfig.defaults

空文件，保持默认，编译的时候会生成 sdkconfig 文件，用的就是默认的参数

#

./main/Kconfig.projbuild

project configuration menu ，idf.py menuconfig 用到， 比如这里设置端口为GPIO12, 会根据此配置生成 sdkconfig 文件，里面就有 #define CONFIG_BLINK_GPIO 12

menu "Example Configuration"

    config BLINK_GPIO
        int "Blink GPIO number"
        range 0 21
        default 12
        help
            GPIO number (IOxx) to blink on and off.

            Some GPIOs are used for other purposes (flash connections, etc.) and cannot be used to blink.

endmenu

./main/CMakeLists.txt

定义 src 目录 与 include 目录

# 定义 src 目录 与 include 目录
set(srcs "blink.c")
set(include_dirs ".")
idf_component_register(SRCS "${srcs}" INCLUDE_DIRS "${include_dirs}")

./main/blink.c

点亮小灯主程序

#include <stdio.h>
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "esp_log.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "sdkconfig.h"

/* Can use project configuration menu (idf.py menuconfig) to choose the GPIO to blink,
   or you can edit the following line and set a number here.
*/
#define BLINK_GPIO CONFIG_BLINK_GPIO

static const char *TAG = "blink";

void app_main(void)
{
    int i = 0;
    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "app_main");

    /* Configure the IOMUX register for pad BLINK_GPIO (some pads are
       muxed to GPIO on reset already, but some default to other
       functions and need to be switched to GPIO. Consult the
       Technical Reference for a list of pads and their default
       functions.)
    */
    gpio_reset_pin(BLINK_GPIO);
    /* Set the GPIO as a push/pull output */
    gpio_set_direction(BLINK_GPIO, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT);
    while(1) {
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%02d] Hello world!", i++);
        /* Blink off (output low) */
        printf("Turning off the LED\n");
        gpio_set_level(BLINK_GPIO, 0);
        vTaskDelay(1000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%02d] Hello world!", i++);
        /* Blink on (output high) */
        printf("Turning on the LED\n");
        gpio_set_level(BLINK_GPIO, 1);
        vTaskDelay(1000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
    }
}

程序刚开始有很多报错，因为引用的是 ESP-IDF sdk 中的文件，因此要将其加入进path

消除波浪线引用报错

先删除.vscode 文件夹，用ESP-IDF 插件添加 vscode 配置文件夹，会增加几个文件，会把 esp-idf 的路径给添加进去

.vscode
├── c_cpp_properties.json
├── launch.json
└── settings.json

c_cpp_properties.json

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "ESP-IDF",
      "compilerPath": "${config:idf.toolsPath}/tools/riscv32-esp-elf/esp-14.2.0_20241119/riscv32-esp-elf/bin/riscv32-esp-elf-gcc",
      "compileCommands": "${config:idf.buildPath}/compile_commands.json",
      "includePath": [
        "${config:idf.espIdfPath}/components/**",
        "${config:idf.espIdfPathWin}/components/**",
        "${workspaceFolder}/**"
      ],
      "browse": {
        "path": [
          "${config:idf.espIdfPath}/components",
          "${config:idf.espIdfPathWin}/components",
          "${workspaceFolder}"
        ],
        "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true
      }
    }
  ],
  "version": 4
}

launch.json

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "type": "gdbtarget",
      "request": "attach",
      "name": "Eclipse CDT GDB Adapter"
    },
    {
      "type": "espidf",
      "name": "Launch",
      "request": "launch"
    }
  ]
}

settings.json
其中 idf.port 会把设备连接的端口记录进去，为后面的烧录准备

{
  "C_Cpp.intelliSenseEngine": "default",
  "idf.port": "/dev/tty.wchusbserial59090649341",
  "files.associations": {
    ".env*": "dotenv",
    "freertos.h": "c",
    "task.h": "c"
  },
  "idf.openOcdConfigs": [
    "board/esp32c3-builtin.cfg"
  ],
  "idf.customExtraVars": {
    "IDF_TARGET": "esp32c3"
  }
}

编译烧录

把配置分别按实际情况配置上，点编译，会生成 build 目录， 然后再点烧录，程序就烧录进开发板中了。

程序运行结果

这里就成功点亮 LED 小灯了