STM32F103RCT6+STM32CubeMX+keil5+DHT11温湿度传感器+ADC环境光传感器

hollq

1057人浏览 · 2026-03-05 23:43:52

hollq · 2026-03-05 23:43:52 发布

DHT11温湿度传感器：

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=695611926716&pisk=gR1zMgOob7FPE6ibNidEbrXfApRJFBr_x6tB-wbHP3xupUNnTw7MRzELyt8hAiULyQ_HYMSXDXTQekhF0g_GFLsCFHYHmibSNHNJLM71XMGQwTTnTi_pKM1FJX8h-MUJAzefyadptlZ1T5_RysMmO3Cyrmvckelor-9oUS77llZ_1WyooBrzfMZwJHbv7FAHrpYHnr8eR4YlxpcconLp-0YnZr7DDnYnt3AnnSY6-4DhxeVmiF8er4vH-mAD7ncHt3YuuZxv8BxhxB4VobUhrwc25L40zfqmG4qkrhbk0XciWFJulgHIgjoelK-MWJlETyLyUhbk0uADUivcJp5KJXJGrOIpSgmuYHCVo_XGjoMWqO8F597uZjA5waXMK1qKKGRPYdfk32cyMI-kgEfgRAKfg3shaK4s_pOc1dAlh-EWdQ8Nx_Ir8XjGlN1JH6rZmHBWWIYF9PDeYpjy7DL0ru1LsrHeEEL2frzV_CaZFhCxzFMKpKA9uhaWPvHpEEL2frzqpvpDzE-_PU1..&spm=tbpc.boughtlist.suborder_itemtitle.1.6d3b2e8dwrOqic

ADC环境光传感器：

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=559254178747&pisk=gMEaMuiMaGIw_gOCfWn2a94QGqotom55ioGjn-2mCfcGkAsD0-yohOCAByk0GWBABcwmgSPI9nMfWsK4T5wu5VNb5jDmtW26fjstuSy7wStfXPMD0WwxoSZ4Hnk0nSBtGOQQBRnxm_170gwTBkTHcfEZnDm3pxTMowgM7My1d_15Vi7MKm5NNS1rB92KUYmmIqDm-9kqhdDgiqx3KXHxnCDDj9yn9XDDmfmD-MDSndY0iAxhxxkymAxMmBDnEXDmmnDcLJcK3mc0imXUKb3QI-xEFVXhQ3fHAh6oyb2iTnxkeA3GfJ8Xq3voCVhoeOK20tHZ7b2iT1mn7W03HqrvHnuuIzFxE5AGgjEUKl4uZ6Tsszk4FryGjHm_XR4ooufvo7oag4qi8KxZvDliYvqlhUhQYfN0b2XW4qi3V4mgRwCslckzilFw3nVud8ZtJo5ytjUseDD4DTYqgqjP3IHhI1ZAq9LqSvHEN9WU406y5bEpQYTvk2m-Lb6sCELxSvHEN9WekE3nQvl5CA1..&spm=tbpc.boughtlist.suborder_itemtitle.1.6d3b2e8dwrOqic

1、

2、其中dht11.h和dht11.c和lcd驱动使用方法相同

3、dht11.h

#ifndef __DHT11_H
#define __DHT11_H

#include "main.h"  // 注意这里改成了 main.h

// 定义引脚 PA1
#define DHT11_GPIO_PORT GPIOA
#define DHT11_GPIO_PIN  GPIO_PIN_1

// 函数声明
void DHT11_IO_OUT(void);
void DHT11_IO_IN(void);
void DHT11_Rst(void);
uint8_t DHT11_Check(void);
uint8_t DHT11_Read_Bit(void);
uint8_t DHT11_Read_Byte(void);
uint8_t DHT11_Read_Data(uint8_t *temp, uint8_t *humi);

#endif

4、dht11.c

#include "dht11.h"
#include "main.h"

#define delay_us(x) for(volatile int i=0;i<(x)*10;i++);
// 切换为输出
void DHT11_IO_OUT(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = DHT11_GPIO_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(DHT11_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

// 切换为输入
void DHT11_IO_IN(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = DHT11_GPIO_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(DHT11_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

// 复位
void DHT11_Rst(void)
{
    DHT11_IO_OUT();
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(DHT11_GPIO_PORT, DHT11_GPIO_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_Delay(20); // 拉低 20ms
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(DHT11_GPIO_PORT, DHT11_GPIO_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    delay_us(30);  // 拉高 30us
}

// 检查响应
uint8_t DHT11_Check(void)
{
    uint8_t retry = 0;
    DHT11_IO_IN();
    while (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(DHT11_GPIO_PORT, DHT11_GPIO_PIN) && retry < 100)
    {
        retry++;
        delay_us(1);
    }
    if (retry >= 100) return 1;
    else retry = 0;
    
    while (!HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(DHT11_GPIO_PORT, DHT11_GPIO_PIN) && retry < 100)
    {
        retry++;
        delay_us(1);
    }
    if (retry >= 100) return 1;
    return 0;
}

// 读 1 位
uint8_t DHT11_Read_Bit(void)
{
    uint8_t retry = 0;
    while (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(DHT11_GPIO_PORT, DHT11_GPIO_PIN) && retry < 100)
    {
        retry++;
        delay_us(1);
    }
    retry = 0;
    while (!HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(DHT11_GPIO_PORT, DHT11_GPIO_PIN) && retry < 100)
    {
        retry++;
        delay_us(1);
    }
    delay_us(40);
    if (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(DHT11_GPIO_PORT, DHT11_GPIO_PIN)) return 1;
    else return 0;
}

// 读 1 字节
uint8_t DHT11_Read_Byte(void)
{
    uint8_t i, dat = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    {
        dat <<= 1;
        dat |= DHT11_Read_Bit();
    }
    return dat;
}

// 读数据
uint8_t DHT11_Read_Data(uint8_t *temp, uint8_t *humi)
{
    uint8_t buf[5];
    uint8_t i;
    DHT11_Rst();
    if (DHT11_Check() == 0)
    {
        for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) buf[i] = DHT11_Read_Byte();
        if ((buf[0] + buf[1] + buf[2] + buf[3]) == buf[4])
        {
            *humi = buf[0];
            *temp = buf[2];
            return 0;
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

5、main.c

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "dht11.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "GUI.h"
#include "Lcd_Driver.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint8_t temperature, humidity;

// ADC variables
uint16_t adc_value = 0;
float voltage = 0.0f;
float light_percent = 0.0f;
/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  MX_ADC1_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
	printf("DHT11 Test Start!\r\n");
	Lcd_Init();
	Lcd_Clear(GRAY0);
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
		// Start ADC conversion
		HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);

		// Wait for conversion to complete
		HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

		// Read ADC value
		adc_value = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);

		// Stop ADC
		HAL_ADC_Stop(&hadc1);

		// Calculate voltage and light percentage
		voltage = (float)adc_value * 3.3f / 4095.0f;
		light_percent = ((3.3f - voltage) / 3.3f) * 100.0f;

		// Read DHT11 sensor
		if (DHT11_Read_Data(&temperature, &humidity) == 0)
		{
				// Display DHT11 title
				Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(0, 10, RED, GRAY0, (u8*)"Measurement Data");

				// Display Temperature
				char temp_str[20];
				sprintf(temp_str, "Temp: %d C", temperature);
				Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(0, 25, BLUE, GRAY0, (u8*)temp_str);
				
				// Display Humidity
				char humi_str[20];
				sprintf(humi_str, "Humi: %d %%", humidity);
				Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(0, 40, GREEN, GRAY0, (u8*)humi_str);
				
				// Print to serial
				printf("Temp: %d C, Humi: %d %%\r\n", temperature, humidity);
		}
		else
		{
				printf("DHT11 Read Error!\r\n");
		}

		// Display Light Sensor title
		Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(0, 60, RED, GRAY0, (u8*)"Light Sensor");

		// Display ADC value
		char adc_str[20];
		sprintf(adc_str, "ADC: %d", adc_value);
		//Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(0, 85, BLUE, GRAY0, (u8*)adc_str);

		// Display Voltage
		char volt_str[20];
		sprintf(volt_str, "Volt: %.2fV", voltage);
		//Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(0, 95, GREEN, GRAY0, (u8*)volt_str);

		// Display Light percentage
		char light_str[20];
		sprintf(light_str, "Light: %.1f%%", light_percent);
		Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(0, 85, GREEN, GRAY0, (u8*)light_str);

		// Print to serial
		printf("ADC: %d, Volt: %.2fV, Light: %.1f%%\r\n", adc_value, voltage, light_percent);
		printf("==========================\r\n");

		HAL_Delay(2000);

  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_ADC;
  PeriphClkInit.AdcClockSelection = RCC_ADCPCLK2_DIV8;
  if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
int fputc(int ch,FILE *f)
{
	HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(uint8_t *)&ch,1,HAL_MAX_DELAY);
	return ch;
}
int fgetc(FILE *f)
{
	uint8_t ch;
	HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1,(uint8_t *)&ch,1,HAL_MAX_DELAY);
	return ch;
}

void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc)
{
    if(hadc->Instance == ADC1)
    {
        // Data already updated to adc_value by DMA
        // Can set flag here if needed
    }
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

6、调用lcd屏幕库

7、连线DHT11中，out连接PA1，+连接3.3V，-接GND

光敏传感器VCC连3.3V，GND连GND，A0连PC0

8、结果